The importance of a business plan cannot be overemphasized in any business. They are just as important to a micro-business although they don’t need to be nearly as formal. If you are seeking venture capital or financing you’re likely to need a business plan of 50-100 pages. For a micro-business, you shouldn’t need more than 5.

A business plan precisely defines your business and identifies your goals. The basic components include a current and projected balance sheet, an income statement, and a cash flow analysis. It helps you allocate resources properly, handle unforeseen complications, and make good business decisions.

Many entrepreneurs drag their feet when it comes to preparing a written document. They argue that their marketplace changes too fast for a business plan to be useful or that they just don’t have enough time. But just as a builder won’t begin construction without a blueprint, eager business owners shouldn’t rush into new ventures without a business plan.

Before you begin writing your business plan, consider four core questions:

• What service or product does your business provide and what needs does it fill?

• Who are the potential customers for your product or service and why will they purchase it from you?

• How will you reach your potential customers?

• Where will you get the financial resources to start your business?

What goes in a business plan? The body can be divided into four distinct sections:

• Description of the business

• Marketing

• Finances

• Management

Addenda should include an executive summary, supporting documents, and financial projections.

A business plan is a tool with three basic purposes: communication, management, and planning. As a communication tool, it is used to attract investment capital, secure loans, convince workers to hire on, and assist in attracting strategic business partners which are typically not goals of micro-businesses.

As a management tool, the business plan helps you track, monitor and evaluate your progress. The business plan is a living document that you will modify as you gain knowledge and experience. By using your business plan to establish timelines and milestones, you can gauge your progress and compare your projections to actual accomplishments. It can also let you know when when it’s time to shut down a particular venture. Each of your micro-businesses should have a business plan. That way you can compare the time and money you’re putting into each so that when you begin to get squeezed on on or the other you can shut down the worst performer.

As a planning tool, the business plan guides you through the various phases of your business. A thoughtful plan will help identify roadblocks and obstacles so that you can avoid them and establish alternatives. This is particularly important for micro-businesses that are run by more than one person. Having clearly defined roles in critical in these situations.

The SBA has a pretty good section on its website that discusses business plans in greater detail. Just remember that their target audience is small businesses that are looking for financing. Micros just need a short outline to keep everything defined.

We’re going to get into this early because in most cases if you don’t have a website you don’t have a business. This isn’t always the case but you’re going to want to get one pretty quickly.

A domain is the thing you type into your browser window. For instance the domain name here is OrangeIsTheNewBlog.com. Others include  google.com, amazon.com and so on. The most common top level domains in the US are com, org, net and gov which used to stand for commercial, non-profit organizations, network infrastructure and government.  Without getting too specific your domain is your address on the Internet. A domain can affect people the same way a physical address affects how people feel about you and your business. For instance, it’s a well known fact that people are more likely to buy mail order from 123 Main St, Suite 27 than they are from PO Box 27. In the same way people are more likely to buy from a website with an address like www.amazon.com than they are something like www.obviously-a-webhost.com/stores/ mybusiness/ The first is easier to remember and more professional looking.

The great thing about the Internet is that addresses are all the same price… totally unlike 5th Avenue versus South Bronx. If you go to www.godaddy.com they’ll register any available dot com domain for about nine bucks a year. You can spend a lot more but you’ll get exactly the same thing regardless of the registrar (that’s the official title of companies engaged in registering domains) you go to. Godaddy offers other services like email and web hosting but I’ve never used any of those. I do use them exclusively for registrations though.

Regardless of who you use, it’s generally a pretty painless process. On most registrar’s home pages you’ll find a place right near the middle of the page for you to type in the domain name you want. It may take several tries to find one that’s available so it’s a good idea to have a selection of domain names already picked out.

The Internet has changed the way we can do business in two important ways especially for small and micro-businesses.

• It allows you to be open for business 24/7

• It allows micro-niches to be served

In some sense these are merely improvements over mail order but they allow you to do things that wouldn’t have been economically feasible pre-net.

The ability to be “open” all the time –like many things– can be both a blessing and a curse. You have to watch the amount of time you’re investing and you have to plan for “down-time” like vacations. In other words, what are you going to do when you want to take off for 2 weeks? You have to have a plan up front instead of coming up with something just before you leave if you are physically involved in order fulfillment or product delivery. Remember: the idea is to make a lot of money and have the time to spend it. A properly structured fulfillment system will alleviate many of these headaches.

The second way the Internet has changed things is that it allows micro-niches to be served that wouldn’t have been close to profitable in the pre-net days. Back then to reach a micro-niche you had to use mail order which meant printing a catalog, finding your customers and selling your product to them. The ‘Net isn’t magic, it’s just made the world a small place again. Now, on the web, you don’t have to print a catalog and you don’t have to pay somebody else to find your customers. That means you can bring your target market (the people you sell to) to a razor edge — ie. people who collect stuffed skunks.

One last note — conventional wisdom says that to make money on the web you have to cultivate customers (spend money) the same way you do with a brick and mortar — which is true if you’re running a small business on the web. If you’re running a micro-business on the web you only have to make enough profit to justify the time you’re putting in to it. I have one website that only makes about $50 a month profit. Not much, you say, but I only spend about 10 minutes a week on it. $50/0.66 hrs = $75/hour … good enough for me. And as near as I can tell this money will keep coming in forever.